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1 raffiner
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2 affiner
affiner [afine]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. ( = rendre plus subtil) to refine ; [+ sens] to sharpenb. ( = rendre plus mince) [+ taille, hanches] to slim down ; [+ chevilles] to make slender2. reflexive verba. ( = devenir plus subtil) to become more refined ; [odorat, goût] to become sharperb. ( = devenir plus mince) [taille] to become slimmer ; [visage] to get thinner* * *afine
1.
verbe transitif to refine [métal]; to fine [verre]; to refine [stratégie, style, jugement]; to have a slimming effect on [taille, silhouette]
2.
s'affiner verbe pronominal [jugement] to become keener; [style, goût] to become (more) refined; [taille] to slim down* * *afine vt1) [métaux] to refine2) [fromages] to mature, to ripen, [huîtres] to allow to mature3) [silhouette, hanches, cuisses] to make slimmer4) [méthode, pronostic, concept] to refine, [sens] to sharpen* * *affiner verb table: aimerA vtr2 fig to refine [stratégie, politique, idée, style, jugement]; to sharpen [ouïe]; to slim down [taille, silhouette].B s'affiner vpr [jugement] to become keener; [politique, idée, style, goût] to become (more) refined; [personne, taille, silhouette] to slim down; [ligne, dessin] to become (more) refined.[afine] verbe transitif1. [purifier - verre, métal] to refine2. [adoucir - traits] to fine down3. [raffiner - goût, sens] to refine4. [mûrir]————————s'affiner verbe pronominal intransitif1. [se raffiner] to become more refined2. [mincir] to become thinner -
3 raffiner
raffiner [ʀafine]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb2. intransitive verb* * *ʀafineverbe transitif to refine* * *ʀafine vt* * *raffiner verb table: aimerA vtr to refine; sucre raffiné/non raffiné refined/unrefined sugar.B vi to be fastidious (sur about); raffiner sur la toilette to be fastidious about one's appearance.[rafine] verbe transitif————————raffiner sur verbe plus préposition -
4 épurer
epyʀe1) Chimie to purify [eau, gaz]2) to purge [parti]; to clean up [mœurs]; to refine [style, goût]; to expurgate [texte]* * *epyʀe vt[liquide] to purify, [parti, administration] to purge, [langue, texte] to refine* * *épurer verb table: aimer vtr1 Chimie to purify [eau, gaz];2 to purge [parti]; to clean up [mœurs]; to refine [style, goût]; to expurgate [texte].[epyre] verbe transitif1. [liquide] to filter[pétrole] to refine -
5 châtier
châtier [∫αtje]➭ TABLE 7 transitive verb(literary = punir) to chastise* * *ʃɑtjeverbe transitif liter1) ( punir) to punish [fautif, délit]châtier quelqu'un pour son insolence, châtier l'insolence de quelqu'un — to punish somebody for his/her insolence
2) ( soigner) to polish [style]; to refine [langage]••qui aime bien châtie bien — Proverbe spare the rod and spoil the child Proverbe
* * *ʃɒtje vt1) (= punir) to punish, to castigate2) fig, [style] to polish, to refine* * *1 ( punir) to punish [fautif, criminel]; to punish [faute, délit]; châtier qn pour son insolence, châtier l'insolence de qn to punish sb for his/her insolence;2 ( soigner) to polish [style]; to refine [langage]; parler un français châtié to speak very proper French;3 Relig to mortify [chair, corps].[ʃatje] verbe transitif -
6 purifier
purifier [pyʀifje]➭ TABLE 71. transitive verbto purify ; [+ métal] to refine2. reflexive verb► se purifier to cleanse o.s.* * *pyʀifje
1.
1) gén to purify [eau, air, sang]; to cleanse [peau]; to purify [langage]2) ( moralement) liter to purify
2.
se purifier verbe pronominal [personne] to cleanse oneself* * *pyʀifje vt1) (généralement) to purify2) TECHNIQUE, [métal] to refine* * *purifier verb table: plierA vtrB se purifier vpr [organisme, métal] to purify itself; [personne] to cleanse oneself.[pyrifje] verbe transitif2. [âme] to cleanse3. [corriger] to purify————————se purifier verbe pronominal intransitif1. [devenir propre] to become clean ou pure2. RELIGION to be cleansed ou purified -
7 blanchir
blanchir [blɑ̃∫iʀ]➭ TABLE 21. transitive verba. to whiten ; [+ mur] to whitewash• (faire) blanchir [+ légumes] to blanchb. [+ linge, argent] to launderc. ( = disculper) [+ personne, réputation] to clear2. intransitive verb[personne, cheveux] to turn white3. reflexive verb* * *blɑ̃ʃiʀ
1.
1) ( rendre blanc) to whiten [chaussures, surface]; to light up [ciel, route]; to bleach [textile, pâte à papier, farine]; to refine [sucre]; to blanch [légumes, viande, amandes]blanchir (à la chaux) — to whitewash [mur, plafond]
2) ( disculper) to clear [accusé, nom] (de of)3) to launder [argent sale]
2.
verbe intransitif [cheveux] to turn grey GB ou gray US; [ciel] to grow lightfaire blanchir — Culinaire to blanch [légumes, viande, amandes]
3.
* * *blɑ̃ʃiʀ1. vt1) (couleur) to whiten2) [linge] to whiten3) [argent] to launder4) CUISINE to blanch5) (= disculper) to clear2. vito grow white, [cheveux] to go white* * *blanchir verb table: finirA vtr1 gén ( rendre blanc) ( avec une couche colorée) to whiten [chaussures, surface]; ( avec de la lumière) to light up [ciel, route]; la gelée blanchit les prés the frost turns the meadows white; la lune blanchit la route the moonlight turns the road white; blanchir (à la chaux) to whitewash [mur, plafond];3 Chimie, Ind to bleach [textile, pâte à papier, farine]; to refine [sucre]; papier non blanchi unbleached paper; farine non blanchie unbleached flour;4 Culin to blanch [légumes, viande, amandes];B vi1 ( devenir blanc) [cheveux] to turn grey GB ou gray US; [ciel] to grow light; blanchir de rage/peur to go white with rage/fear; blanchir aux tempes to go grey GB ou gray US at the temples; cheveux blanchis silvery hair;2 Culin faire blanchir to blanch [légumes, viande, amandes]; battre le mélange jusqu'à ce qu'il blanchisse beat the mixture until it turns white.[blɑ̃ʃir] verbe transitif2. [nettoyer - linge] to launderêtre logé, nourri et blanchi to get bed and board and to have one's laundry doneil est sorti complètement blanchi des accusations portées contre lui he was cleared of the charges laid against him[argent]————————[blɑ̃ʃir] verbe intransitif[barbe, cheveux] to turn white————————se blanchir verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi) -
8 peaufiner
peaufiner [pofine]➭ TABLE 1 transitive verb[+ travail] to put the finishing touches to ; [+ style] to polish* * *pofineverbe transitif to refine [politique, système]; to put the finishing touches to [contrat, travail, texte]* * *pofine vt* * *peaufiner verb table: aimer vtr to refine [politique, système]; to put the finishing touches to [contrat, travail, texte].[pofine] verbe transitif1. [à la peau de chamois] to shammy-leather -
9 perfectionner
perfectionner [pεʀfεksjɔne]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb( = améliorer) to improve2. reflexive verb► se perfectionner [technique] to improve* * *pɛʀfɛksjɔne
1.
verbe transitif to perfect [technique, machine]; to refine [art]
2.
se perfectionner verbe transitif [technique, outils] to improve* * *pɛʀfɛksjɔne vt[appareil] to improve, [technique] to perfectElle a besoin de perfectionner son anglais. — She needs to improve her English.
* * *perfectionner verb table: aimerA vtr to perfect [technique, machine]; to refine [art].B se perfectionner vpr [technique, outils] to improve; se perfectionner en allemand to improve one's German.[pɛrfɛksjɔne] verbe transitif1. [amener au plus haut niveau] to (make) perfect2. [améliorer] to improve (upon)————————se perfectionner verbe pronominal intransitif -
10 décrotter
décrotter [dekʀɔte]➭ TABLE 1 transitive verbto scrape the mud off ; [+ rustre] to take the rough edges off* * *dekʀɔte1) to scrape the dirt off [chaussures]2) (colloq) to civilize (colloq) [personne]* * *dekʀɔte vt[chaussures] to clean the mud off* * *décrotter verb table: aimer vtr1 [personne] to scrape the dirt off [chaussures, semelles];2 ○[personne, événement] to civilize○ [personne].[dekrɔte] verbe transitif1. [nettoyer] to scrape the mud off -
11 polir
polir [pɔliʀ]➭ TABLE 2 transitive verb* * *pɔliʀverbe transitif to polish [bois, pierre]; to polish (up) [style]* * *pɔliʀ vt1) [pierre] to polish2) fig (= peaufiner) to polish* * *polir verb table: finir vtr to polish [bois, pierre, métal]; to polish (up) [style]; se polir les ongles to buff one's nails.[pɔlir] verbe transitif[meuble] to polish[ongles] to buff -
12 procédé
procédé [pʀɔsede]masculine nouna. ( = méthode) process* * *pʀɔsedenom masculin1) ( méthode) process2) ( manière d'agir) practice [BrE]3) Littérature device* * *pʀɔsede nm1) (= méthode) process2) (= comportement) behaviour no pl Grande-Bretagne behavior no pl USA* * *procédé nm1 ( méthode) technique; mettre au point/améliorer un procédé to develop/refine a technique; procédé de lyophilisation/fabrication freeze-drying/manufacturing technique; procédé révolutionnaire/chirurgical revolutionary/surgical technique; procédé destiné à faire technique for doing;2 ( manière d'agir) practiceGB; procédé scandaleux appalling practice; je suis choqué par le procédé I am shocked by such a practice; se livrer à des procédés odieux to engage in despicable practices; échange de bons procédés exchange of courtesies;3 Littérat device; procédé littéraire/rhétorique literary/rhetorical device.[prɔsede] nom masculin2. [technique] process3. (péjoratif) [artifice] -
13 purger
purger [pyʀʒe]➭ TABLE 3 transitive verba. ( = vidanger) to bleed* * *pyʀʒe
1.
1) Médecine to purge2) Technologie to bleed [radiateur, freins]; to drain [tuyau]; to purify [métal]3) Droit to serve [peine]
2.
se purger verbe pronominal [personne] to take a laxative* * *pyʀʒe vt1) [radiateur] to bleed2) MÉDECINE, POLITIQUE to purge3) DROIT, [peine] to serve* * *purger verb table: mangerA vtr1 Méd to purge;3 liter ( débarrasser) to purge (de of);B se purger vpr [personne] to take a purgative.[pyrʒe] verbe transitif1. TECHNOLOGIE [radiateur] to bleed[réservoir] to drain[substance] to purify4. [dette] to pay off (separable)[hypothèque] to redeem6. [débarrasser] to rid of (separable)7. (soutenu) [nettoyer, purifier]ils ont purgé le texte de toute allusion politique they removed all political references from the text————————se purger verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi) -
14 sophistiquer
[sɔfistike] verbe transitif1. [raffiner à l'extrême] to refine -
15 affiner
vrefine vDictionnaire d'ingénierie, d'architecture et de construction > affiner
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16 épurer
vrefine vDictionnaire d'ingénierie, d'architecture et de construction > épurer
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17 affiner
vrefine vArchitecture française et le dictionnaire de construction > affiner
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18 épurer
vrefine vArchitecture française et le dictionnaire de construction > épurer
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19 perfectionner
perfect, polish, refine
См. также в других словарях:
Refine — Re*fine (r?*f?n ), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Refined} ( find ); p. pr. & vb. n. {Refining}.] [Pref. re + fine to make fine: cf. F. raffiner.] 1. To reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from dross or alloy; to… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
refine\ on — • refine on • refine upon v 1. To make better; improve. Mary was asked to refine on her first outline to make it clearer and more exact. 2. To be better than; surpass. Modern medical techniques refine on those of the past … Словарь американских идиом
refine\ upon — • refine on • refine upon v 1. To make better; improve. Mary was asked to refine on her first outline to make it clearer and more exact. 2. To be better than; surpass. Modern medical techniques refine on those of the past … Словарь американских идиом
refine — [ri fīn′] vt. refined, refining [ RE + FINE1, v., based on Fr raffiner, to purify] 1. to make fine or pure; free from impurities, dross, alloy, sediment, etc.; purify; clarify 2. to free from imperfection, coarseness, crudeness, etc.; make more… … English World dictionary
refine — [v1] purify clarify, cleanse, distill, filter, process, rarefy, strain; concept 165 Ant. corrupt, dirty, pollute refine [v2] perfect, polish better, civilize, clarify, cultivate, elevate, explain, hone, improve, make clear, round, sleek, slick,… … New thesaurus
Refine — Re*fine , v. i. 1. To become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter. [1913 Webster] So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains, Works itself clear, and, as it runs, refines. Addison. [1913 Webster] 2. To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
refine — I verb advance, amend, better, clarify, cleanse, clear, correct, cultivate, develop, edit, elaborate, elevate, emend, enhance, filter, filtrate, improve, improve upon, make improvements, meliorate, modify, perfect, polish, purify, rectify,… … Law dictionary
refine — UK US /rɪˈfaɪn/ verb [T] ► PRODUCTION to improve something or to make it pure, especially by removing material that is not wanted: »Crude oil is industrially refined to purify it. ► to improve an idea, a method, a system, etc. by making small… … Financial and business terms
refine — (v.) 1580s, of metals, c.1590 of manners, from RE (Cf. re ), intensive prefix, + obsolete fine (v.) make fine, from FINE (Cf. fine) (adj.) delicate. Cf. Fr. raffiner, It. raffinare, Sp. refinar. General and figurative sense is recorded from… … Etymology dictionary
refine — ► VERB 1) remove impurities or unwanted elements from. 2) make minor changes so as to improve (a theory or method). DERIVATIVES refiner noun … English terms dictionary
refine — 01. I need to practice a lot in order to [refine] my tennis serve. 02. She shows a lot of promise as a violinist, but she needs to [refine] her technique somewhat. 03. Police raided an illegal laboratory in a house in Seattle today where they… … Grammatical examples in English